Educating Americans About Islam Essay -- Terrorism Islam Islamic Essay

Educating Americans About IslamThe events of September eleventh 2001 created dramatic changes in the lives of peoples all across the globe. The devastating latermath of the attacks of that day is never ending in the lives of most people especially those who were personally affected by the horrific acts of timidityism. Muslims, in particular, have had to experience the backlashes of the September 11th events. An already misunderstand and misrepresented group of people have, in addition, had to deal with incredible biases, bigotry, misdirected hate, and religious intolerance. Many Americans who, unjustly, attack the religion of Islam and its faithful followers be, in reality, very ignorant on the subject of Islam and the beliefs of the religion. Their ignorance, fear, and need to find blame after such a traumatic event blind them from their own fabricated stereotypes and generalizations, and they justify their own prejudice. This paper will first describe misconceptions of Islam that existed prior to the September 11th attacks and will then go on to describe how those damaging stereotypes, along with the need to find blame, have caused many Muslims-Americans to experience incredible bias and discrimination, solely based on their religious beliefs.Americans, for many years, have misunderstood the nature and beliefs of Islam and the practices of its followers. The democratic values and ideals that are held sacred in the United States often skew the American peoples perceptions of foreign cultures and customs. In trying to understand the practices of Islam, Americans are often times unable to view Islamic traditions without being influenced by their own Western biases. Preconceived notions and stereotypes are continually ... ... http//usinfo.state.gov/topical/pol/terror/02030810.htm, March 5, 2002.6.Southern Baptist Leadership Chose to Spew Hate, http//www.islam101.com/terror/sbaptists.htm, June 24, 2002.7.Vicki Silverman, Muslim Americans S upport Anti-Terrorism Campaign, http//usinfo.state.gov/topical/pol/terror/01101003.htm, October 8, 2001.8.Susan Domowitz, American Muslim Leaders Condemn Terrorism, view as Muslims Civil Rights, http//usinfo.state.gov/topical/pol/terror/01091907.htm, September 18, 2001.9.Poll Majority of U.S. Muslims Suffered Post-9/11 Bias, http//www.interfaitheducationinitiative.org/images/content/CAIROnBiasAndKindness. pdf, August 21, 2002.10.CAIR Report American Muslims One Year after 9/11, http//www.islam101.com/terror/cairReport911.htm, September 2, 2002.

To Kill A Mockingbird Essay: Parallel Lives of Tom and Boo :: Kill Mockingbird essays

Parallel Lives of gobbler and Boo in To Kill A Mockingbird   Certain uncanny resemblances between Tom Robinson and Boo Radleys lives exist in Harper Lees To Kill A Mockingbird. Often large groups of people misunderstand certain unusual individuals. Sometimes they stereotype the psyche other times, they simply do not bother to find egress the truth. When such circumstances occur, the ostracized persons actions become unfairly misinterpreted or not understood at all. Sometimes rumors circulate about the individuals, that might then be assumed as the truth. In this novel, Tom and Boo are both outsiders to the white, normal rules of order of Maycomb county. Tom and Boo share generous natures that are misunderstood they hold little social value, and are generally assumed guilty. The first parallel in the lives of Tom and Boo, focuses on their property. Tom lives in the nigger nest (pg. 175) turn up to Mr. Ewell but outside the city limits. While testifying Mr. Ewell says, Ive asked this county for fifteen years to clean out that nest down yonder, theyre dangerous to live around sides devaluin my property (pg. 175). A persons status often relates to his property, and the interpretation of that propertys value is often based on the tenants of the land. In Maycomb county, the black community inhabits the least desirable property. In the Jim Crow era, blacks were stereotyped as violent and unclean therefore, the property they owned was considered unvaluable and was located in the switch part of the county territory. On the other hand, the people in the best part of town are always white and upper class members of society. Mr. Ewell lives directly abutting to the town dump, yet he considers the blacks that he lives near a larger threat to his lands value than the appearance and stench of the citys trash. Most people in the ruin parts of town might even agree with him because they assume that the black people are a constant menace to white society, and being near them endangers ones life. The Radley property also threatens the lives of people brave enough to venture near it. The children believe that anything that comes from the Radleys soil is poisoned, including the nuts and fruits on the trees. Jem yells at Scout once proverb about the Radley property Dont you know youre not supposed to even touch the house over there?

Physics of Self Bailing Boats and How I Built One :: physics boat boating ship

The Basic Principle behind a Self Bailing BoatActually the idea is quite simple really, it consists of a floor above the hull with open drain plugs in the rear of the sauceboat and above the peeing line. By this simple method as water comes in to the boat it will drain right out of the back. If too much weight is in the boat then water will solely come in through the drain holes. This is no worry to me because I can always just put some plugs in the drain holes when carrying a heavy load. I made the decision to build the aluminum skiff 17ft long and strong enough to hold an outboard motor with a trade of 141kg (approx. plentifulness of 90Hp Mercury).My Boat Dimensions I made the decision to build the aluminum skiff 17ft long and strong enough to hold an outboard motor with a mass of 141kg (approx. mass of 90Hp Mercury). Knowing the amount of material I would need I then went on to estimate the mass of the boat when finished to be 239kg. I in any case made the deci sion to build a fuel tank in the front of the boat holding 141kg of gasoline ( 38gal). The design of the boat permits the boat groundwork to have an estimated area of submersion of 5.55m2 (L= 3.7m W=1.5m). With these measurements in hand I knew I needed a way to determine the height from the bottom of the boat at which I should build my second deck and drain plugs. I got a value from a veteran boat builder but certainly there was an equation to help me out. Archimedess Principle for Floating ObjectsSo hears the theoryArchimedes principle says that the magnitude of the buoyant force always qualifieds the weight of the silver displaced by the object. This buoyant force always acts upward through the point that was the center of gravity of the displaced fluid. In the case of floating objects the buoyant force is equal to the force of gravity on the object. Knowing that the change in pressure is equal to the Buoyant force per unit area (P = B/A) we get wind that B = (P)A and P = gH where is the density of the fluid g is the acceleration due to gravity and H is the height of the fluid displaced.

Anthem: The Process of Liberation :: Anthem Essays

Anthem  The Process of Liberation     Many years ago, I read my first book by Ayn Rand, Anthem. I completed the book in about four hours. At the time, I was not mature abounding to fully appreciate Anthems powerful symbolism. My attitude as I read the beginning of the book was one of indifference and confusion, maturing only later into concern and active interest. This experience began a new phase in my intellectual development that soon led me to read Atlas Shrugged. I then started on Ayn Rands non-fictional works. My substantiateing of Rands philosophical system, however, came piece by piece. There was no one instant of recognition, no single aha. Until recently, I was not fully aware that I had been affected so deeply. My progress was step-by-step and I had never looked all the way back. As I began to read Anthem for a second time, I represent myself in acute pain, even at the first paragraph. I continued to read it feeling much as a person would when touring a niggardness camp, for, in effect, that was exactly what I was doing. There was not one hint of levity in my mood I do not even recall breathing. I was truly looking all the way back. At the end of chapter nine, when Equality 7-2521 is but, in the most profound palpate of the word, with his Golden One, she says slowly, We are one ... alone ... and only ... and we love you who are one ... alone ... and only, I feared I could tolerate the book no longer. I had finally understood that profound sense of loneliness and despair a person can feel when they want to say I love you, but cannot say I. I could not understand how my previous reading could have seemed so easy. I proceeded, at a forced march, all the way to chapter eleven. I had never experienced the concept of grievous reading before. When I read the words, I am, I realized that I had become Equality 7-2521 and that his

The Importance of Interpersonal Communications in a Friendship Essay

I dont know where I would be with go forth my best friend. The person who keeps me sane when my family is driving me crazy, or the person who will stay up with me all night to support me when I have a last minute paper due in a class I dont know where I would be without that support. I found this support in my best friend, my sister from some other father, Regina. Regina is an eccentric, overbearing, lover of all things natural type of girl. She lives behavior to the fullest and never backs down from a challenge. She is funny, full of whit and sharper than a tack fresh out of the box. Although it hasnt always been a smooth road for us we still remain friends to this day.Regina and I were neighbors for several years and in that time our friendship change and didnt seem like anything could break it. It was in our getting older and need for exploration that slowly initiated the fissure in our friendship. We began not seeing eye-to-eye on subjects that we used to agree on whe n we first met. I would find myself looking for companionship in other friends instead of relying on her for support and that was wearing thin. It was in our return home that we really started to waiver and greatly changed our relationship to something that I could not recognize. When I began to comprehend the faults within our relationship, I knew it was time to act. Focusing on the Struggle Spectrum by the National Communication Association, I noticed that we were recalledly climbing the struggle ladder and falling off the edge only to repeat it again. My younger, less educated version of myself would never have seen the problems but now, after years of college and my Interpersonal Communications class, I could see what needed to be done. I b... ...has changed me for the better and I now know that Regina is ready to complete this journey with me. The friends that listen to us are the ones we move toward, and we want to sit in their rundle (Karl Meninger). I am greatly ple ased with the outcome of this challenge and look forward to what comes next. The profound meaning of my friendship with Regina and what weve been through over the past 11 years constantly reminds me that of all the moments weve shared, arguments weve had, and time spent apart. I appreciate that nothingabsolutely nothing is more uplifting and inspiring than enduring the challenges of life with someone who knows you like the back of your hand. It is by chance that we met, by choice that we became friends, Henri Nouwen.Works CitedBeebe S., Beebe S., Redmond M. (2011, 2008, 2005) Allyn & Bacon by Pearson Education, Inc.

The Importance of Interpersonal Communications in a Friendship Essay

I dont k forthwith where I would be without my best friend. The person who keeps me sane when my family is driving me crazy, or the person who will roost up with me each night to support me when I have a last minute paper due in a class I dont know where I would be without that support. I found this support in my best friend, my sister from another father, Regina. Regina is an eccentric, overbearing, lover of all things vivid type of girl. She lives life to the fullest and never abides down from a challenge. She is funny, full of whit and sharper than a tack fresh out of the box. Although it hasnt always been a smooth road for us we still remain friends to this day.Regina and I were neighbors for several years and in that time our friendship strengthened and didnt seem kindred anything could break it. It was in our getting older and need for exploration that slowly initiated the fissure in our friendship. We began not seeing eye-to-eye on subjects that we used to agree on when we first met. I would find myself looking for companionship in other friends instead of relying on her for support and that was wearing thin. It was in our return home that we genuinely started to waiver and greatly changed our relationship to something that I could not recognize. When I began to comprehend the faults within our relationship, I knew it was time to act. Focusing on the Struggle Spectrum by the subject Communication Association, I noticed that we were repeatedly climbing the struggle ladder and falling off the edge only to repeat it again. My younger, less educated variation of myself would never have seen the problems but now, after years of college and my Interpersonal Communications class, I could see what needed to be done. I b... ...has changed me for the better and I now know that Regina is ready to complete this journey with me. The friends that listen to us are the ones we move toward, and we want to sit in their radius (Karl Meninger). I am greatly pleased with the outcome of this challenge and look forward to what comes next. The profound meaning of my friendship with Regina and what weve been through over the past 11 years constantly reminds me that of all the moments weve shared, arguments weve had, and time spent apart. I appreciate that nothingabsolutely nothing is more uplifting and inspiring than enduring the challenges of life with someone who knows you like the back of your hand. It is by chance that we met, by choice that we became friends, Henri Nouwen.Works CitedBeebe S., Beebe S., Redmond M. (2011, 2008, 2005) Allyn & Bacon by Pearson Education, Inc.

Innocent Smoothies Essay

This report is aimed to examine and analyse the opportunities in the market for the exculpatory brand. The research draws help to . the report evaluates and concludes. it is recommended that . ii. Introduction Innocent Ltd. is a fresh business that has been exceptionally successful in creating wholesome and natural smoothies. The beau monde has appeared in the Sunday Times for four consecutive years in the Fast Track 100, a list of the fastest growing privates companies in the UK.The company has aimed to place itself on the side of the consumer as supporting reverse lightning issues and responsible business practices and this has evidently proved to be in favour with the companys brand image which has resulted to its success. On the other hand, it has faced criticism from cynics who argue that the companys honorable position is a facade as they have sold a 20% stake to Coca-Cola which led to thousands of dissatisfied and betrayed customers who previously supported the companys in itial brand values.This has led to White, Harte and Laine, a specialist in strategy and market surfacement, who have conducted this report that will be researching and analysing the opportunities in the market for the innocent brand. This report will intend what a market driven organisation is and discuss how it compares to innocent whilst addressing their customer relationships. It will also outline the trends in the macro environment by tone at the political, economical, social, technological, environmental and legal factors which created the opportunity for innocent to initially build its firm position in the smoothie market.An analytic thinking of the companys master(prenominal) opportunities and threats over the next five years will be highlighted through a SWOT analysis. The report will additionally adapt Porters Five Forces analysis to the smoothie industry and finally, recommendations will be made about possible business strategies that innocent could pursue in the next five years. iii. Main personate In an article by Bill Barrett, Uncles (2000) defines a market driven organisation as an organisation that has a thorough understanding of customers and capableness customers, including their changing needs and wants.Uncles (2000) states that market-driven organisations continuously gather data in all environmental sectors competitive, cultural, political, economic, technological, human resources, physical resources, and consumer. The market-driven concept is a managerial concept where close attention is given to business processes and activities. There must be an emphasis on an organisations ability to respond to environmental changes. All aspects of the organisation must be alive(predicate) of and consider environmental changes and continuous process improvement is mandatory for a market-driven organization. Innocent has been described as a market driven organisation. Innocent is an honourable company whose initial idea was to produce its prod ucts from 100 per cent pure, fresh ingredients and no fruit concentrates. As defined by Uncles (2000), a market-driven organisation understands the customers, and potential customer wants and needs. In order for Innocent to have created a market-driven organisation they had to put their customers first with the organisations objectives, goals and strategy.This is evident as their main aim is to take a social responsibility to the public and environment by producing 100 per cent natural products. It is established that innocent promotes healthy eating and appeal to eco-friendly and health sure consumers therefore in order to put the wants and needs of these consumers into place, they had to come with strategies to uphold their brand name as well as delivering the desires if their consumers. Hodge, et al (1996) believes that by place the customer first in an organizations mission and goals, market driven organizations make providing value to the customer a top priority.Market-driven organisations also develop product strategies to deliver whole product solutions to customers and use strategic relationships to build synergy, create whole-product solutions, and gain support of stakeholders. Innocent strategies put the interests of their health focused consumers at the softheartedness of their organisation and gain support through various deeds such as * Keeping all their ingredients natural. This strategy reinforces the initiative of the company still producing food that is healthy and good for their consumers.The fact that only natural products are used means that their product s has a positive health turn a profit minus the additives and therefore keeping the focus on the companys brand name innocent connatating purity. * The use of responsible ingredients. Innocent tends to purchase their farms from ethical and environmentally friendly farms. Once more this is another way to strengthen their brand name innocent to their consumers to portray their organisat ion as a green and a social responsible company. * Sustainable packaging. Innocent uses 100 per cent recycled material as package for their products.This compliments their green image and satisfies their eco-friendly and health-conscious consumers. * They are a resource efficient business meaning that they aim to produce as little carbon dioxide emissions as possible while manufacturing the products, growing the ingredients, transportation and packaging. This approach path coincides with the interest of their consumers who are environmentally friendly. * Sharing their profits with charities. 10 per cent of the companys profit at the end of the year is donated to charity which entrepot the rural developments projects in the countries in which their fruits come from.This highlights the caring nature of innocent toward the environment as well as to their consumers. From the above points we raise therefore establish that innocent is a market-driven organisation. Their target markets are eco-friendly, health conscious consumers who value organic, natural and environmentally friendly products. Evidently, from their strategies it is indicated that innocent puts the interests of their consumers at the heart of their strategies by taking into account the environmental factor of global warming.It must also be noted that back in 1998, the fate of innocent was determined by people through a ballot by putting their empty bottle of innocent drinks in a YES or NO store depending on whether they should pursue the business. The outcome resulted in the majority of bottle being placed in the YES bin. This demonstrates that innocent has always valued the opinions of their consumers and act upon their wants which are the traits of a market organisation. The smoothie market

Deceptive Commercial Speech and Advertising

Deceptive Commercial Speech and Advertising According to the commercial lecture doctrine, only deceptive idiom that is considered commercial whitethorn be seed. General deceptive savoir-faire is not commercial, may not be regulated. When deciding what may and may not be regulated, it is important to understand the subtle differences in what is considered commercial and non commercial speech. An analyzation of false advertising would give further understanding to the notion of commercial speech and how it may be degenerative to a society when untruthful. Commercial SpeechAccording to the Supreme Court, the definition of commercial speech is a combination of a shopping mall notion surrounded by a penumbral boundary defined on the basis of three characteristics (Howard, 1991). This core notion of commercial speech is speech which does no more than propose a commercial transaction 1 Beyond this notion exists a body of commercial speech identified in the Bolger v. Youngs drug Prods. Corp. 1983 case by whether the speech is as an fightment, whether the speech refers to a specific product, or whether the speaker is economically motivated. 2 Although individually these characteristics are insufficient to establish speech as commercial, the combination of all three offers a strong argument for describing commercial speech. Advertising The Merriam-Webster dictionary lists an advertisement as something that is shown of presented to the public to help deal out a product or to make an announcement. In short advertising may be described as a public notice produce in the press or broadcast over the air.Many societies receive a bulk of their daily information from advertisements selling physical products, attempting to sway opinions, and introducing immature ideas. The increase in media technology has opened a doorway to deliver a constant stream of information including advertisements that may be biased or altogether misleading. Current social network sites allow us ers to like or check-in to retailers and offer their own perception of goods and services. These social networks allow for the word of blab out method of advertising to increase in effectiveness due to the widespread availability of technology.Development Commercial speech is typically given limited offset printing Amendment protections however, there exists two types of commercial speech that are exempt from any protection whatsoever. Advertising that is false, misleading, or deceptive is given no protection by the government. Advertising that show cases sinful goods or services will also receive zero protection from the government (Pember & Calvert, 2011). principle The Commercial Speech Doctrine was developed to outline which protected commercial speech may be regulated.While little to no rights are granted to misleading ads or vile goods and services, protected commercial speech may also be subject to ruler if there is substantial state interest to justify regulation, ther e is demo that the regulation directly advances this interest, or there is reasonable fit between the state interest and the government regulation (Pember & Calvert, 2011). Before a state decides to regulate commercial speech that has presumed protection under the First Amendment, that state must assert a reasonable cause for wanting to regulate the speech.For example a billboard that is blocking the view of drivers on the street nearby would be reasonable cause for regulating that speech. The state must next prove that this regulation of speech has directly effected the interest at which it was aimed. For example the removal of the billboard must show a decrease in traffic violations in the area. Finally, the state must show that the regulation of commercial speech has been narrowly tailored to fit a specific interest. For example the regulation involving the removal of a billboard must be specific to that particular billboard.Following these guidelines allows for a state to regul ate commercial speech that is not misleading or unlawful in goods or services. Fraud, Falsity, and Misleadingness In 1981, J. Edward Russo, Barbara L. Metcalf, and Debra Stephens identified three approaches to unjust advertising. Each view parallels the three components of advertising communication. Fraud focuses on the advertiser and assumes a take intent to create false beliefs about the product. Falsity in advertising refers to the existence of a claim-fact discrepancy. Misleadingness focuses exclusively on consumer beliefs (Russo, Metcalf, & Stephens, 1981).Advertisers who display low ethics and advertise deliberate misinformation are guilty of fraud however, it remains an impractical approach. Proving a deliberate intent to mislead through an advertisement is difficult and may be irrelevant to the harm caused to consumers. Although, major industry regulator, the National Advertising Division (NAD) of the Better Business Bureau, does not generally require proof of fraud to car ry off an ad from publication, this does not apply in all situations (Russo, Metcalf, & Stephens, 1981). Falsity in advertising occurs when a claim is made that is not documented with fact.For example a company advertises that a product with fly, but the product does not fly. Falsity is easily verified by proving that a discrepancy exists between advertisement and reality. inadequateness of falsity occurs when an ad generates a consumer belief of falsity, even though one has not been directly stated. Misleadingness, the third view, focuses entirely on what consumers believe. A demonstration of misleadingness requires the reflectivity of false consumer beliefs in conjunction with exposure to the ad (Russo, Metcalf, & Stephens, 1981).If an ad is believed to be in violation of this, it must prove that there is a direct affinity between the release of the ad and change in societal belief. The Federal Trade Commission refocused its approach to misleadingness by focusing little on the material message and more on the resulting consumer beliefs. References 1. Virginia State Bd. of Pharmacy v. Virginia Citizens Consumer Council, Inc. , 425 U. S. 748, 762 (1976) (quoting Pittsburgh Press Co. v. Pittsburgh Commn on Human Relations, 413 U. S. 376, 385 (1973)). Bolger v. Youngs Drug Prods. Corp. 463 U. S. 60, 66-67 (1983). Howard, A. (1991). The constitutionality of deceptive speech regulations Replacing the commercial speech doctrine. movement Western Reserve Law Review, 41(4), 1093. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Merriam-Webster Online Dictionaryhttp//www. merriam-webster. com/dictionary/advertisements Pember, D. R. , and Calvert, C. (2011). Mass media law. 17th ed. Boston, MA McGraw-Hill. Russo, J. , Metcalf, B. L. , & Stephens, D. (1981). Identifying Misleading Advertising. Journal of Consumer Research, 8(2), 119-131. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.

Did the Church Help or Hinder the Progress of Medicine in the Middle Ages?Did the Church Help or Hinder the Progress of Medicine in the Middle Ages?

Did the church help or hinder the progress of medicine in the middle Ages? In this canvass I will be looking at the different aspects of medicine in the Middle Ages and accessing how the church helped or hindered their development. As there was a traffic circle of unrest at the start of the middle Ages the church is important because it preserved a lot of things. It also provided a way of life, so it was very influential. The church service did non encourage the development of new medical ideas, it was not in their interest.When Roger Bacon (a thirteenth century priest) he suggested that a new approach to medicine was infallible he said that doctors should their own original research instead of learning from the books of ancient writers such as Galen. Church leaders put him in prison house for heresy there is an engraving showing him smuggling his work out of prison. The church banned dismantleion for a time, however from 1492 the pope allowed dissection as long as the body was that of a criminal. The first medical school was set up in Salerno in 900 AD by the church.By the Montpellier in France was the most famous hardly there was a number of others at these school students listened to lectures where the teachers read out passages from the work of Galen and other ancient writers. The church did provide some training for doctors as they gave money to the universities. Without this money, the universities would not have been competent to survive. Students would be able to listen to a lecturer talk about the work of Galen. In France, the church allowed the students to dissect one body a year for research.However, the doctor would only watch as the dissection was done. The church taught that Galens ideas were correct so that idea that dissection could be apply to check his ideas did not cross anyones mind. Dissection was used to illustrate Galens ideas about the body. The church had taught different types of cure for illness. Thousands of people flocked t o Canterbury because it was said that Beckets job could cure blindness, leprosy and deafness. The church taught that prayer could cure illness. Holy oil and water were used to treat people.Many people carried parchments from the bible to warn off disease. The church paying for hospitals to be built. It taught that it was your Christian duty to look after the sick. In the 13th century over 160 hospitals were built. The monasteries had libraries. However, only monks had access to the books. The church could ban books that it did not like. The monks would teach children to read. Some religious houses had very strict rules because the most seriously ill people would need a lot of looking after. No lepers or lunatics, or person having the falling sickness or contagious disease. No pregnant women, or suckling infants, no intolerable persons even if they are flea-bitten should be allowed in the house. From the rules of a religious hospital in 1219. A cure for toothache in the 1300s reco mmended by John of Gaddesden a tether English doctor Write these words on the jaw of the patient. In the name of the Father, Son and Holy Ghost, Amen. The pain will then cease at once. Monasteries were used to care for the sick.Many had running water and provided fresh food and rest to the poorest people. Care for the sick stands before you all. You must help them as Christ would. let it be the chief concern of the Abbot that the care of the sick be his main concern. From the rules of Benedictine monasteries. The monks were not trained doctors and were more likely to pray for you than hand you effective treatment. The church had also taught that kings had a link to God that gave them the power to heal. Alms-houses gave shelter to the poor, the elderly, widows, young children and pregnant women.They were run by priests but no authoritative medical help was given. Many monasteries had herb gardens. The monks used their knowledge of medicine from the books in their libraries to mak e herbal remedies. However, there is little evidence of them being able to make new cures for disease. Because of the church, doctors had to have a licence to practice medicine. This is the beginning of qualifications for doctors. After the 13th century it was illegal for a person to call themselves a doctor without having formal training.

A Brief Analysis Of the Counterculture Movement of the 1960s Essay

A.Definitions of the CountercultureIn its most common and initial sense, the counterculture refers to the culture, especially of small good deal, with values or lifestyles in opposition to those of the realized culture in the dictionary. Until its port in 1969 in Theodore Roszaks influential book, The Making of a Counter Culture, counterculture, written as one word or two, has bring into being the standard frontier to describe the cultural revolt of the young. Although distinct countercultural undercurrents exist in all societies, here the term counterculture refers to a more significant, visible phenomenon that reaches critical mass and persists for a period of time. According to Roszaks translation, the counterculture purport refers to all the protest social movements that happened in America in the sixties, including some(prenominal) the political movements such as the womens liberation movement, the African-American Civil Rights Movement, the antiwar movement against Vietnam, the environment movement, the gay rights movement, and the cultural movements as drug abuse, hippies, poverty-stricken sex, and shiver and roll.Several explicit and dozens of implicit definitions of counterculture have been offered since the term was proposed more than three ecstasys ago. One explicit definition that Westhue gave from the ideological and behavioral perspectives is On the ideological level, a counterculture is a set of beliefs and values which radically reject the dominant culture of a society and prescribe a sectarian alternative. On the behavioral level, a counterculture is a group of people who, because they accept such beliefs and values, behave in such radically nonconformist ways that they tend to cast off out of the society. A nonher definition that Timothy Miller gave in his The Hippies and American Values defined the counterculture as a romantic social movement of the late 1960s and very early 1970s, mainly composed of teenagers and persons in t heir early twenties, who through their flamboyant lifestyle expressed their alienation from mainstream American life. From this definition we can draw a conclusion that the main force of the counterculture movement is young people from middle class families.B.Social Background in the 1960sThe 1960s was a transitional period of great social careen. Economically, like the 1920s and 1990s, the decade of the 1960s was a period of remarkable prosperity in the U.S. as metric by suchstatistics as GNP and the unemployment rate. But culturally, it was a period when long-held values and norms of behavior seemed to break down, peculiarly among the young. The far-reaching changes that developed in the late 1960s affected numerous aspects of society. Many college-age men and women became the major force of the civil rights movements. Other young people simply separated themselves from mainstream culture through their appearance and lifestyle and joined the group of hippies. Attitudes toward sexuality appeared to loosen, and women began to openly protest the traditionalistic roles of housewife and mother that society had assigned to them. With the nation shocked and paralyzed by the Vietnam War, thousands of American youth showed their c erstwhilern through campus rallies, antiwar demonstrations, and concerts for peace.Many of the nations youth were strongly opposed to the war taking place halfway crosswise the world, in which their fathers, brothers, and husbands were dying. United in their antiwar sentiment, thousands of young people joined in their creation of the counterculture. The 1960s was a decade of counterculture, with its unison, its poetry, its fashion, its art, its way of life, its political struggle, and its contradictions, its rise and its failure. indeed the questions are raised what caused the so-called counterculture movement? And why did the movement happen in this specific time period?aThe release GenerationCultural RootsThe countercultures deepe st roots lay in the Beat Generation, a group of American writers who came to prominence in the late 1950s and early 1960s.Jack Kerouacs On the Road (1957), Allen Ginsbergs Howl (1956), and William S. Burroughss Naked Lunch (1959) are often considered the most important works of the Beat Generation. The term Beat was reported to be coined by Jack Kerouac in the late 1940s, quickly becoming a slang term in America after cosmos War II, meaning exhausted or beat down and provided this multiplication with a definitive label for their personal and social positions and perspectives. They are influenced by eastern philosophy and religion (e.g., Zen Buddhism) and known especially for their use of non-traditional forms and their rejection of conventional social values.The Beat Generation phenomenon itself has had a huge influence on westerly Culture more broadly. In many ways, The Beat Generation can be seen as the first modern subculture. During the very conformist post-World War II erath ey were one of the forces engaged in a questioning of traditional values which produced a break with the mainstream culture that to this day people react to or against. Theres no question that Beats produced a great deal of interest in lifestyle experimentation (notably in regards to sex and drugs) and they had a large intellectual effect in encouraging the questioning of authority (a force behind the anti-war movement) and many of them were very active in popularizing interest in Zen Buddhism in the West.During the 1960s other cultural movements absorbed Beat ideas and attitudes, and those who practiced something similar to the Beat lifestyle were called hippies. Echoes of the Beat Generation rifle throughout all the forms of counterculture that have existed since then. Some time during the 1960s, the rapidly expanding Beat culture underwent a transformation the Beat Generation gave way to The Counterculture of the 1960s, which transmissible a great deal of Beat thoughts and life styles.bThe Affluent Society-Economic RootsTo analysis the phenomenon of the countercultural movement of the 1960s, the major force of the movement the baby boom generation has to be mentioned here. After World War II, Young males returning to the United States following tours of duty overseas during World War II established families, which brought intimately a significant number of new children into the world. This dramatic increase in the number of births from 1946 to 1964 is called the baby boom. In the United States, approximately 79 million babies were natural during the baby boom. Till the year 1964, babies who were born during the first waves of the baby boom was already 18. And in the following 6 years, during the counterculture movement in the 1960s, baby boomers who were study in high school or college became the major force of the counterculture movement.The baby boom generation grew up in an affluent society and enjoyed an unprecedented economical and social welfa re. During the 1950s, Americas Gross National Product (GNP) increased 51%, the real weekly earnings of factory workers increased 50%. By 1960, more than 30% of the population was middle class. Changes in education and housing further demonstrated the growth of the middle class. For the first time, the white young people were able to get to the universities without having to start their working life at theage their parents had to. The education they received broadened their horizons and made it easier for them to accept the social, technological and cultural transformations. They had cars many of them lived in the suburbs, and were enjoying an easy life.Those people were going to be the stars of the years to come, with new ideals and hopes, and, one of the most important things, new cultural values, expressions and thoughts. Besides, the baby boomers were the first group to be raised on television, they watched scenes from the Vietnam War, and the assassinations of John F. Kennedy, M artin Luther King, Jr., and Robert F. Kennedy which strongly affected their sense of security. The boomers found that their music was another expression of their generational identity. Rock and roll drove their parents crazy. electronic transistor radios were personal devices that allowed teenagers to listen to The Beatles and The Motown Sound. Baby boomers constitute the single largest population explosion in history, and the culture they created transformed America, permeating every decade since the 1950s.cThe uproar in the 1960s-Political RootsThe 1960s was a decade of political turmoil the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Cold War, the assassinations of John F. Kennedy, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Robert F. Kennedy and the Vietnam War all greatly influenced young people who were born during the baby boom period.The Vietnam War was the longest military conflict in U.S. history fought in Vietnam from 1959 to 1975, involving the North Vietnamese and the National spillage Front (NLF) in conflict with United States forces and the South Vietnamese army. The hostilities in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia claimed the lives of more than 58,000 Americans. Another 304,000 were wounded. The Vietnam War was the longest and most unpopular war in which Americans ever fought. And there is no reckoning the cost. For many of the more than two million American veterans of the war, the wounds of Vietnam will never heal. Baby boomers played major roles both as troops and protesters during the Vietnam War.The war dragged the whole generation into miserable memories either young people themselves or their relatives, friends were fighting in the frontline, many of them dead or wounded. They were scared, distressed but couldnt find better ways to let off their rage except doing drugs orindulging themselves. The Vietnam War became a high-profiled upbraiding and a platform to promoting peace and criticizing the draft. As a result, the antiwar movement against Vietnam broke out in the year 1965, centering on the colleges, with the students playing leading roles.C.Major Events in the Counterculture MovementThe counterculture movement consists of a series of events mainly took place in the later half of the 1960s and it is difficult to trace back to the exact beginning of it. The counterculture stood against the traditional values of middle-class society, and manifested its rebellion in several ways long hair, brightly colored clothes, communal living, rock and roll music as showcased at Woodstock, free sex, drugs, and riots are some of the means through which the counterculture asserted itself. Through protests and anti-war demonstrations, the counterculture challenged the governmental institutions of American society and the youth spoke out for what they believed in. Throughout the decade many counterculture events increased the movements notoriety, but two in particular, the summertime of delight and Woodstock Festival, represented the spirit of the protests.a.Summe r of LoveThe Summer of Love refers to the summer of 1967, particularly in the Haight-Ashbury district of San Francisco, where thousands of young people loosely and freely united for a new social experience. As a result, the hippie counterculture movement came into universe awareness.The beginning of the Summer of Love has popularly been attributed to the Human Be-In at Golden Gate Park on January 14, 1967. Thousands of people answered the call of the Human Be-In from the counterculture leaders, gathering in Golden Gate Park to promote peace, happiness, and love. During the spring, more disillusioned youth traveled to San Francisco upon hearing a declaration that the summer of 1967 would be the Summer of Love. The Haight-Ashbury approximation of San Francisco quickly became the gathering place and home for many displaced youth who came to celebrate the counterculture event. City government leaders, determined to stop the influx of young people once schools let out for summer, broug ht added attention to the scene. An ongoing series of articles in local papers alerted nationalmedia to the hippies growing momentum.During that summer of 1967, as many as 100,000 young people from around the world flocked to San Franciscos Haight-Ashbury district, Berkeley and other San Francisco Bay Area cities to join in a popularized version of the hippie experience. The Summer of Love attracted a wide range of people of various ages teenagers and college students drawn by their peers and political partying military personnel from bases within an easy drives distance. For the most part, the Summer of Love proved successful in its ability to spread the counterculture message, but by the fall of 1967, overcrowding, homelessness, hunger, increased incidents of crime and drug abuse signaled a change in the movement. On October 7, 1967, those remaining in the Haight staged a mock funeral, The Death of the Hippie ceremony, to signal the end of the played-out scene.It is already 40 ye ars since the party was over in the Haight-Ashbury. But the influence of that summer in 1967 has never disappeared. The San Francisco hippie, dancing in Golden Gate Park with long hair flowing, has become as much of an enduring American archetype as the gunfighters and cowboys who roamed the Wild West.b.The Woodstock FestivalAs the most famous of all the counterculture concerts, the Woodstock Music and Art Fair took place in Bethel in upstate New York from 15 to 17 August 1969. The festival was called Woodstock, because it was supposed to be in the town of Woodstock, in Ulster County but the town would not give a place for such a large event, because they thought that over a million people would come. Although the show was planned for as many as 200,000 fans, over 500,000 came most of these did not pay to get in. The roads to the concert were jammed with traffic. People left their cars and walked for miles to get to the concert area. The weekend was wet and overcrowded, and fans sh ared food, alcoholic drinks, and drugs.The Woodstock Festival is remembered as the high point of the peace and love ethos of the period, largely because the disaster that the over-crowding, bad weather, food shortages, supposed bad dit (LSD), andpoor facilities presaged was somehow avoided. Unprepared for such a large crowd, massive traffic jams ensued, food and water quickly disappeared, and bathroom facilities were scarce. Despite the potential for hysteria and disaster, the festival advertised as Three Days of Peace and Music lived up to its billing. Listening to popular musicians of the day such as Jimi Hendrix, Joan Baez, and Janis Joplin, concertgoers seemed to bond because of the rough conditions and a common desire to promote peace and love.Throughout the 1960s, music served as an integral part of the counterculture movement. Seen as a way to both dramatise an alternative lifestyle and protest against war and oppression, hippies organized many outdoor music festivals acr oss the United States. As the most famous music festivals organized by hippies, all in all, Woodstock remains a lasting icon of the countercultural movements of the 1960s that looked to change the world through its acceptance of values and beliefs that contradicted the established power structure of the United States. The festival, the participants of which exhibited extraordinary good feeling in the face of rain and organizational chaos, marked the high point of U.S. youth counterculture in the 1960s.D.InfluencesThe counterculture eventually died out in the 1970s for several different reasons like the deaths of notable leading figures and the end of the Civil Rights Movement and Vietnam War. Since then, large social groups such as the hippies have diminished, or are virtually non-existent. To some Americans, the attributes of the counterculture reflected American ideals of free speech, equality, and pursuit of happiness whereas other people saw the counterculture as self-indulgent, pointlessly rebellious, unpatriotic, and destructive of Americas moral order, and some have criticized the counterculture movement for being too aggressive and showing some similarities to the establishment itself.As a matter of fact, the counterculture remains a highly controversial topic in American society and the only thing that can be agree upon is its enormous impact on American society in almost every aspect in fashion, the commonly wore neckties and suits in the 1950s had been replaced by terrestrial wear, and generally longer hairstyles became new fashion not only for young people but for the middle aged in music, the blending of folk rock into newer forms including acidrock and heavy metal became popular in sense of value, interracial dating and marriage have become common and generally accepted, forthrightness regarding sexual matters has become the norm, the rights of homosexual, bisexual and transexual people have expanded in religious aspects, eastern religions and spiritual concepts, karma and reincarnation in particular, have reached a wider audience in lifestyles, co-operative business enterprises and creative community living arrangements are widely accepted. Interest in natural food, herbal remedies and vitamins is widespread.The greatest legacy of the counterculture, both to culture and to the succeeding countercultures rests in a greater and deeper concern over human needs and human nature as an essential step in emancipating human creativity. Although almost 40 years has passed, there are still indications of the influence of the counterculture movement within contemporary technologies. The ideas of the counterculture movement such as sharing, community, self-expression, anti-establishment, and individual freedom can be seen through many of the technologies we have today. As one of the most heatedly disputed issues in cultural studies and sociological arena, the counterculture movement influences different generations in both lifestyl es and ideology and should be remembered by all of us.ReferencesBradbury, Malcolm and Temperley, Howard. Introduction to American Studies. New York Longman House, 1981.Miller, Timothy The Hippies and American Values. Knoxville The University of Tennessee Press, 1991.Roszak, Theodore The Making of a Counterculture. Garden City, New York Doubleday, 1969.Westhues, Kenneth Societys Shadow Studies in the Sociology of Countercultures. Toronto McGraw-Hill Ryerson, 1972.. . Jan. 2004 68-97.

Custom Coffee Essay

I believe Custom Coffee & Chocolate mission is to establish a small caf where they and their customers could indulge their make love of good coffee and fine chocolates. Bonnie and Stacy, recent college roommates, wanted a location that got a lot of foot traffic from shoppers and businesses. Their desire was to target a place near the university because they knew and understood those customers well. The purpose of the cafe is to serve unique coffee blends and specialty chocolates, and the business plan included purchasing only circus trade coffee and chocolates made by a few local suppliers.SWOT ANALYSISStrengths Having a good location where public transportation is non a issue. The owners will be selling products that be considered to be good quality, near top of the line. Customers have the options of eating in or taking break through their purchases. Weakness The shop is pretty small, and can only hold a certain amount of customers, and they will need more funding to expand .Opportunity The opportunities are unlimited, expanding the menu to include baked chocolates, desserts, tea and other beverages. If the businesses continue to grow, Bonnie & Stacy may be able to start a small franchise. Threats I take overt detect any threats, unless a similar business moves in the same location.Bonnie & Stacy are doing all the right things to make their cafe affordable, and customer friendly. It is a nice place for friends and family to meet and chat while having a cup of coffee or reading the newspaper. Comfort is always important to me, so I like the idea of them having comfortable seating. Putting up a website and blog page might be helpful to customers and potential customers, for information and feedback. I dont believe that delivery would be a good thing right now, maybe in another six months.Great crinkle Bonnie & Stacy, you knew what you wanted and went for it. I wish you much success.

Lines of Color, Sex, and Service: Sexual Coercion in the Early Republic by Sharon Block Essay

Lines of Color, Sex, and Service Sexual Coercion in the Early Republic by Sharon Block is based on two women who were do by by their get the hang. Rachel Davis, a colour woman, was a servant to William and Becky Cress when she was 14-years-old. Harriet Jacobs, an enslaved black woman, was a slave in James and Mary Norcoms household. When the women reached ages 15 and 16, twain their masters made internal overtures to them, in which the women had to try and over power. Becky Cress, Williams wife and Mary Norcom, James wife were women who could not control their conserves actions.Since both Becky and Mary suspected that their married mans were having a sexual relationship with their servant, they insisted that the servant left the house immediately. Even though Rachel and Harriet were removed from their masters household, their masters continued to visit them at their new home trying to have sex with them. When Mary had Harriet sleep with her so her husband could not and so she c ould foster Harriet, Harriet said, she whispered in my ear, as though it was her husband who was speaking to me, and listened to hear what I would answer. (140) When Mary confronted her husband about the issue, he did not stop his sexual overtures.After Becky heard William trying to kiss Rachel in the cellar, Rachel said, she had caught him & he wd deceive her no longer, but William denied any wrongdoing and Becky left in tears. These verbal confrontations plain did not alter Williams behavior he continued to force himself sexually upon Rachel. (140) These two wives show that they had no power over their husband.They confronted their husbands about the bunk and all they did was deny their behaviors, which elapse to Becky and Mary not undertaking any actions to put their husbands sexual overtures to an end. If Becky and Mary really wanted their husbands sexual relationship with their servant to end, why didnt they remove their husband from the house? Or why didnt they just divorc e their husband? This shows how men over powered women during this time by talking their way out of dilemmas and how women did not have the courage to stand up for themselves and prove that they be right and their husband are wrong.By Rachel Davis being a white woman she had more of an opportunity to over power her master than Harriet Jacobs. The master of the white servant was sent to prison, while the black slave imprisoned herself to escape her abuser. (136) In 1807, Rachels father found out what had occurred and initiated a rape pursuit against William, who was found guilty and sentenced to ten years in prison. (136) Since Rachel had her fathers support and also because she was white she was very fortunate that her master ended up in jail.Even though Rachel and Harriets rape incidents by their masters were very similar, enslaved women ordinarily did not have access to the protection offered by a patriarchal figure. (143) This is unfair to Harriet because she doesnt get the local legal system to form a criminal prosecution like they did for Rachel because she is black. Harriet also went through rougher multiplication than Rachel. Rachel was demanded out of the household right when her mistress suspected the sexual relationship. For Harriet, Mary demanded that she left the house when she found out Harriet was pregnant.Harriet had to do this so she could get past from her master and show her mistress that what her husband was doing to her was factual. Harriet didnt have anyone to help her end her masters sexual overtures on her, she had to became a runaway slave, and mask in her free grandmothers attic. Even though both the masters treated Rachel and Harriet the same way, Harriets grandmother could not help her lead to legal intervention like Rachels father did for her. During this time, women were treated with no respect just as if they were nothing, especially the black women.

The Return: Nightfall Chapter 13

Much later that darkness, Elena couldnt sleep. She didnt privation to be hemmed in inside the T on the whole Room, she said. Secretly, Stefan worried that she motiveed to go out(p)side and track the malach that had attacked the car. further now he didnt think she was sufficient to lie, now, and she kept bumping against the shut windowpane, chiming to him that she just compulsioned air. Outside air.We should frame many clothes on you.But Elena was bewildered and stubborn.Its Night. This is my Night G give, she said.You didnt comparable my Day Gown. hence she bumped the window again. Her Day Gown had been his blue shirt, which, belted, made a sort of very short chemise on her, culmination to the middle of her thighs.Right now what she wanted fit in with his own desires so totally that he felta bit guilty everyplace the prospect. But he allowed himself to be persuaded.They drifted, have in hand, Elena homogeneous a ghost or angel in her white nightgown, Stefan all in b lack, feeling himself almost disappear where the trees obscured the moonlight. Somehow they ended up in the Old Wood, where skeletons of trees mixed with the reenforcement branches. Stefan stretched his newly improved senses to the widest but could and escort the normal inhabitants of the forest, slowly and hesitantly returning aft(prenominal) being f effectiveened off by Damons lash of Power. Hedgehogs. Deer. Dog-foxes, and one poor vixen with twin kits, who hadnt been able to run because of her children. Birds. All the animals that helped to make the forest the wondrous place it was.Nothing that felt like malach or fulfilmed as if it could do any harm.He began to wonder if Damon had precisely invented the creature that influenced him. Damon was a tremendously convince liar.He was telling the truth, Elena chimed.But either its invisible or its gone now. Because of you. Your Power.He looked at her and found her flavour at him with a mixture of pride and an otherwise emotion that was easily identified but ball everywhere to see out of doors.She tilted her depend up, its classic lines pure and pale in the moonlight.Her cheeks were rose pinkish with blushing, and her lips were slightly pursed.Oh pitfall, Stefan opinion wildly.After all youve been through, he began, and made his first mistake. He took post of her arms. at that place, whatever sort of synergy between his Power and hers started to bring them, in a very slow spiral, upward.And he could feel the warmth of her. The sweet softness of her body. She still was waiting, eyeball closed, for her kiss.We can start all over again,she suggested hopefully.And that was true enough. He wanted to give back to her the feelings she had given to him in his room. He wanted to hold her hard he wanted to kiss her until she trembled. He wanted to make her melt and swoon with it.He could do it, too. Not just because you learned a thing or two about women when you were a vampire, but because he knew Elena. They were really one at heart, one soul.Please?Elena chimed.But she was so schoolboyish now, so vulnerable in her pure white nightgown, with her creamy skin flushing pink in anticipation. It couldnt be right to take advantage of someone like that.Elena opened her violet-blue eyes, silvered by the moonlight, and looked right at him.Do you wantShe said it with sobriety in the mouth but mischief in her eyes.to see how many times you can make me say enjoy?God, no. But that blended so grown-up that Stefan impotently took her into his arms. He kissed the top of her silky head. He kissed downward from there, only avoiding the petite rosebud mouth that was still puckered in lonely supplication.I admire you. I love you. He found that he was almost crushing her ribs and essay to let go, but Elena held on as tightly as she could, holding his arms to her.Do you want the chime was the same, innocent and ingenuous to see how many times I can make yousay please?Stefan stared at her for a moment. Then, with a sort of wildness in his heart, he fell on the detailed rosebud mouth and kissed it breathless, kissed it until he himself was so dizzy that he had to let her go, just an inch or two.Then he looked into her eyes again. A person could lose themselves in eyes like that, could fall everlastingly into their starry violet depths. He wanted to. But more than that, he wanted something else.I want to kiss you, he whispered, right at the portal of her right ear, nipping it.Yes.She was definite about that.Until you light(a) in my arms.He felt the shiver go through her body. He saw the violet eyes go misty, half closing. But to his surprise he got back an immediate, if slightly breathless, Yes, from Elena out loud.And so he did.Just short of swooning, with little shivers going through her, and little cries that he tried to stop with his own mouth, he kissed her. And then, because it was Time, and because the shivers were starting to have a painful edge to them, and Elen as breath was coming so ardent and hard when he let her breathe that he really was afraid that she might pass out, he solemnly used his own fingernail to open a vein in his neck for her.And Elena, who once had been only human, and would have been horrified by the idea of drinking another persons blood, clasped herself to him with a small choked sound of joy. And then he could feel her mouth warm, warm against the flesh of his neck, and he felt her shudder hard, and he felt the heady sensation of having his blood drawn out by the one he loved. He wanted to pour his entire being out in front of Elena, to give her everything that he was, or ever would be. And he knew that this was the way she had felt, letting him drink her blood. That was the sacred bond they shared.It made him feel that they had been lovers since the descent of the universe, since the very first dawning of the very first star out of the darkness. It was something very primitive, and very late ingrained in him. Whe n he first felt the flow of blood into her mouth, he had to stifle a cry against her hair. And then he was whispering to her, fierce, involuntary things about how he loved her and how they could never be parted, and endearments and absurdities wrenched from him in a dozen different languages. And then there were no more words, only feelings.And so they slowly spiraled up in the moonlight, the white nightgown sometimes wrapping itself around his black-clad legs, until they reached the top of the trees, active and standing but dead.It was a very solemn, very private ceremony of their own, and they were far too anomic in joy to look out for any danger. But Stefan had already checked for that, and he knew that Elena had, too. There was no danger there was only the two of them, drifting and bobbing with the moon shining down like a benediction.One of the most useful things Damon had learned lately more useful than flying, although that had been something of a frisson was to shield h is presence absolutely.He had to drop all his barriers, of course. They would show up even in a casual scan. But that didnt matter, because if no one could see him, no one could find him. And therefore he was safe. Q.E.D.But tonight, after walking out of the boardinghouse, he had gone out to the Old Wood to find himself a tree to sulk in.It wasnt that he minded what human trash musical theme of him, he thought venomously. It would be like worrying what a chicken thought of him just before he wrung its neck. And, of all things he caredleast about, his brothers opinion was number one.But Elena had been there. And even if she had understood had made efforts to get the others to understand it was just too humiliating, being thrown out in front of her.And so he had retired, he thought bitterly, into the only retreat he could call home. Although that was a little ridiculous, since he could have spent the night in Fells Churchs best hotel (its only hotel) or with any number of sweet you ng daughters who might conjure a weary traveler in for a drinkof water. A wave of Power to put the parents to sleep, and he could have had shelter, as well as a warm and willing snack, until morning.But he was in a vicious mood, and he just wanted to be alone. He was a little afraid to hunt. He wouldnt be able to control himself with a panicked animal in his demo state of mind. All he could think of was ripping and tearing and making somebody very, very unhappy.The animals were coming back, though, he noticed, careful to use only ordinary senses and nothing that would betray his presence. The night of horror was over for them, and they tended to have very short memories.Then, just as he had been reclining on a branch, wishing that Mutt, at least, had sustained some sort of painful and lasting injury,they had appeared. Out of nowhere, seemingly. Stefan and Elena, hand in hand, floating like a pair of happy wingd Shakespearean lovers, as if the forest wastheir home.He hadnt been ab le to believe it at first.And then, just as he was about to call down thunder and sarcasm on them, they had started their love conniption.Right in front of his eyes.Even floating up to his level, as if to rub it in. Theyd begun kissing and snuggling andmore.Theyd made an unwilling voyeur out of him, although hed become more angry and less unwilling as time passed and their caresses had become more passionate. Hed had to grind his teeth, when Stefan had offered Elena his blood. Had wanted to scream that there had been a time when this girl had been his for the taking, when he could have drained her dry and she would have died happily in his arms, when she had obeyed the sound of his voice instinctively and the taste of his blood would make her reach heaven in his arms.As she obviously was in Stefans.That had been the worst. Hed had to turn over his nails into his palms when Elena had wrapped herself around Stefan like a long, graceful snake and had fastened her mouth against his ne ck, as Stefans face had tipped toward the sky, with his eyes shut.For the love of all the demons in hell, why couldnt they just get done with it?Thatwas when he noticed that he wasnt alone in his well-chosen, commodious tree.There was someone else there, sitting calmly right beside him on the big branch. They must have appeared while he was engrossed in the love scene and his own fury, but still, that made them very, very good. No one had snuck up on him like that in over two centuries. Three, perhaps.The shock of it had sent him tumbling off the branch without turning on his vampire ability to float.A long lean arm reached out to catch him, to haul him to safety, and Damon found himself gazing into a pair of laughing golden eyes.Who thehellare you? he sent. He didnt worry about it being picked up by the lovers in the moonlight. Nothing short of a dragon or an atomic bomb would catch their perplexity now.Im the hell Shinichi,the other boy replied. His hair was the strangest Damon had seen in a while. It was smooth and shiny and black everywhere except for a fringe of uneven dark red at the tips. The bangs he tossed carelessly out of his eyes ended in crimson and so did the little wisps all round his collar for he wore it slightly long. It looked as if tongues of dancing, flaring flame were licking at the ends of it, and gave singular emphasis to his answerIm the hell Shinichi. If anyone could pass as a devil come up straight from Hell, this boy could.On the other hand, his eyes were the pure golden eyes of an angel.Most people just call me Shinichi alone , he added soberly to Damon, letting those eyes crinkle a little to show that it was a joke.Now you know my name. Who are you?Damon simply looked at him in silence.

Heavy Drug Usage: Why Some Individuals Have More Addiction Over Others Essay

In order to understand why some individuals atomic number 18 more addictive than others, we need to odor at the issue of addiction in our countrys employment of cocaine, crack, or methamphetamine. We also need to look at their dependency on them, and why some addictions carry more weight for some than for others. Heavy do medicates use is the highest among offspring and young adolescents especially young males which is presently at its highest level in 9 years for that age, agree to the 2006 PRIDE statistics. (PRIDE, 2006).According to their surveys, the fourth grade and the ninth grade were the highest users of heavy drugs (i. . other drugs or diabeticicit drugs), even though they had a more difficult time getting them than the older adolescents. Marijuana is a minor drug, but one and only(a) that the majority of drug users begin with to start the addictive path. Addiction begins in the brain, with the brainstem considered as the most primitive region of our body, controll ing the heart rate, inhalation and exhaling, and resting. How drugs influence this field of study in regard to addiction is because the drug particle is similar in size and shape to immanent neurotransmitters. Once they discard into the brain, they begin to release neurotransmitters.More and more drugs once entered into the brain will lock and release, with more and more neurotransmitters that take unnatural flooding into the brain. Many of the illegal drugs nicotine, crack, crank, cocaine, and marijuana affect the limbic system of the brain, which is the reward system, responding to pleasurable experiences by releasing dopamine, the main creator of pleasurable feelings or only when feeling good. Excess drugs will bring on a drug high or overdosing. Without addictions, there would non be serious drug enjoyment for any individual.Addictions cause the I gravel to piddle it feeling that originally began as an minor experiment or a fun issue to do. As the body and mind bec omes dependant on the drug for a good feeling, it eventually need more and more in the system to maintain that feeling of goodness, until the craving becomes a number one obsession with the level of craving depending on the type of drug used.According to the American Heritage face Dictionary, the word addiction means, Compulsive physiological and psychological need for a habit-forming substance, or The educate of being habitually or compulsively occupied with or involved in something. This compulsion or addiction has ruined many lives, with drug incarceration in the U. S. the highest it ever has been, with an increase in 35% since 1995. (Colson, 2006, pg 2). Addictions begin because drugs atomic number 18 considered the painkillers of physical and ablaze pain. Not everyone becomes addicted because not everyone is unhappy, has physical or emotional pain, or lives with huge amounts of unsolvable problems. nevertheless the foremost causes of addiction in youth or adolescents a re also equal ram, manipulation, or boredom, with other factors being included.There are three theories why addictions pass off in someone the introductory is the biochemical predisposition where some people react different than others do, unheeding of the situation the second theory is the disease concept where addiction is considered an inherited disease, where the individual is permanently ill at a genetic level and the third theory is that addiction is a mental helplessness or flaw, where a person can overcome it through will-power or mental processes another(prenominal) part of this theory is that of falling from grace, where recovery comes from a higher power.But so far, no(prenominal) of these theories have proved correct, which is why they are still theories. Kids continue use drugs because the feelings of unhappiness or despair are buried by drug usage when using them. The addiction becomes the only way of disembodied spiritspan to live for someone to experience happiness or to feel pleasure anyway, as long as the money withdraws out for the drug purchases. If not, theft and selling drugs will begin another way of flavour for them to support their habit. After that, prison or death is the next and final level.Different levels of addictions are experienced by different individuals, because people are different they are mentally and physically different their life experiences are different their values and ethics are different and their problems or happiness are on different levels. Because of this, peer nip and powers of persuasion affects different people in different ways. Peer pressure has a lot to do with influencing youth to begin using drugs of any kind. After all, nobody wants to look like they dont belong, do they?Combined with the power of persuasion, an unhappy individual with lots of problems or filled with boredom cannot fight against it, as it promises a false sense of happiness that does not very exist, yet they still be lieve it is the easy way out. Self-concept of an individual has a lot to do with the usage of drugs and is considered the most vital ingredient in a happy and content individual. Once this begins to go d deliver, drug usage and depression have an open door, as it falsely raises the lowered self-esteem.By keeping this part of the personality up, peer pressure and manipulation wont have such a take prisoner on the individual. To develop peer pressure, the individual of necessity to have friends or a group they forge with or seek to belong to by doing things that goes against their personal moral beliefs, such as using drugs for the first time. Individuals who do not care what others think, will not be influenced on the same level of peer pressure. To impress someone, these peer groups exert a lot of influence over prospective new members, forcing them to conform to the group standards.Adolescent peer pressure has always been referred to in a harmful undertone, causing members t o become involved in destructive behavior, such as using alcohol or drugs. Peer pressure or drug pushers use the power of persuasion as a marketing tool to grasp desire results. New members are prodded, manipulated, and debased by peer groups to do things they never would have through before, working against an individuals vulnerable inability to fight against it. Once the individual is on the drugs, it commonly is a one-way street to nowhere.Culture and social beliefs come into play with what is accepted as ruler in a veritable segment of society. Various racial or ethnic groups may hold specific morals, ethics, or biases about certain things that will affect what they consider normal or abnormal. But recent developments in our professional field over the past ten years or so have found that each culture has its own strengths, limitations, and differences yet that does not mean they are unequalized to another race or culture as they were previously judged by courts, laws, an d professionals.Prior to 1990, the U. S. began to undergo a lot of radical demographic changes with diverse populations. Unfortunately, drug usage began to go up with these changes, as it was not considered as abnormal in their own countries as here. When President Reagan began his drug war in October of 1982, certain segments of society, based on certain cultures, felt they were being targeted. But prior to that, society had already preparedness the scene against drugs, In 1982, when the drug war began, the recreational use of illegal drugs was in decline.Tonry points out that in 1982, surveys conducted by the National Institute on Drug Abuse showed significant drops in drug usage over long periods for a wide range of age groups. This decline impacted the use of twain legal and illegal substances. For example, the percentages of respondents 18 to 25 years of age reporting marijuana use during the antecede year dropped by more or less 15% between 1979 and 1982, and continued to decline sharply throughout the ten dollar bill of the 80s. Reported use of cocaine by the same age group also dropped by approximately 15% between 1979 and 1982, and continued to decline throughout the decade.Finally, 18 to 25 year olds who reported using alcohol during the preceding year rose only slightly from 1979 to 1982, but also declined sharply by-line a peak in 1985. According to Tonry, these statistics signal a broadly based and widely divided up change in American attitudes toward the ingestion of dangerous or unhealthy substances that can have detailed to do with the deterrent effects of law enforcement strategies or criminal sanctions. Consequently, Reagans declaration of war tapped into a growing public sentiment against illegal drug use. (Nunn, 2006).Drug efficacy is the power of a drug to produce a desire effect, or its effectiveness. Another meaning is the treatment against the drug users medical professionals have called for a greater emphasis on treatment for d rug users rather than incarceration and felony convictions that made it problematical for former users to get their lives on track. (Connecticut News, 2005). The prisons are already over-crowded, and the drug usage does not seem to be getting any better. The drugs alcohol and marijuana are considered gateways to the heavier drugs or more addictive substances.Under the newer laws where non-violent events are punished with prison terms, and the youth or adolescent individual is convicted of these minor drugs, they carry a lifetime of punishment that prevents them from getting on with their lives. They feel the mistake stays with them the rest of their life, so why deliver anyway? Professionals feel that because of this attitude, better treatment instead of prison or jail punishment needs to be the number one choice due to the fact the United States has a highest population of their own citizens in prison than any other industrialized nation. (Nunn, 2006).Bibliographyhttp//www.prid esurveys.com/customercenter/ue05ns.pdfhttp//www.socialistworker.org/2006-2/613/613_02_Prison.shtmlhttp//academic.udayton.edu/race/03justice/crime09.htm

Ordering System

AUTOMATED ORDERING SYSTEM USING ANDROID APPLICATION WITH BILLING AND INVENTORY SYSTEMS IN A RESTAURANT A Title Defense Presented to The Faculty of Institute of Information and Communications engineering science West Visayas State University La Paz, Iloilo City In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Introduction to Research in IICT Ruth Adorable Ma. Rosevelle Cainglet Kristine Genogaling Kasandra Leah Jayne Paniza Mary Joy Petrola Abstract This study foc mathematical functions on developing an change ordination outline using Android exercise with Billing and Inventory Systems in a Restaurant.The main last of the study is to shorten the time receiven during the instance a customer orders. Also, this study wants to track the catalogue in an easier and convenient way. The billing carcass will assist in calculating the total remuneration of the restaurant for a day, week and month. The study is expected to optimize Android Application using tablets. It describes the ma in features of Android for a better understanding of this platform. chocolate Script was the programming language development technology used in building the brass. The system allows the customer to order a batting order without calling whatsoever of the service crew.The customer bathroom simply select the food to be ordered from the given menu through a tablet that is provided in every table which is embedded with an android operation. The billing system is associated with the twain other systems, which put downs the total bills of the customers. In paying the bill, the customer can do it in two ways either it can be cash or credit. The records for the supply goods and the sold products are put down in the document system. Every tablet has a unique code where the server can cite if what table the order is coming from.The tablet is linked to the counter and also to the server that is located in the kitchen. To sum it up, the three systems are interrelated to help the res taurant in attaining their goals and objectives. Chapter 1 Chapter 1 is composed of six different parts to be discussed namely (1) Background of the Study, (2) Overview of Related Systems, (3) Objectives of the Study, (4) logical implication of the Study, (5) definition of Terms, (6) perimeter of the Study. Part One, Background of the Study, discusses the rationale for choosing the problem.Part Two, Overview of the Related Systems, explains the features, capabilities, and limitations of the related system. Part Three, Objectives of the Study, states the goals that the study needed to accomplish. Part Four, Significance of the Study, enumerates the importance of the study and its beneficiaries. Part Five, Definition of Terms, conceptually and operationally defines important terms used in the study. Part Six, Delimitation of the Study, sets the ranges that are included in the study, as well as the boundaries and scope change by the proposed system. Background of the StudyNowadays m ost of the restaurants are having big problems regarding with their old ordering process. The basic problem in the food service industry is that restaurant is not realizing efficiencies that would result from better applications programmes of technology in their free-and-easy operations. After analysing the said situation weve come up to a proposal that can help these problems of restaurants. This system that weve come up can let the costumers order through simply choosing the menus that they like through a tablet that is in their tables. This tablet has an installed android OS with android applications.This system can give a lot of benefits. With the new open and comprehensive platform for tablet catch called android operating systems and android applications, we come up to extend to proposed alter ordering, inventory and billing system using android application in a restaurant. With this kind of systems, the management can provide immediate help for the customers. Customers won t bother about their tables while they are ordering because in every table there is integrity tablet embedded with android applications. Overview of Related Literature Objectives of the StudyThis study aims to determine the objectives of Automated Ordering System Using Android Application with Billing and Inventory System in a Restaurant. 1. To develop an automated ordering, inventory and billing system using android application. 2. To develop an ordering system that allows customers entry of orders to be forwarded immediately to the kitchen. 3. To create an inventory system to record the purchased and the consumed supply of products. 4. To develop an inventory system that records the supply goods and the sold products of the restaurant. 5. To design a friendly-user interface system. Significance of the StudyThis study will be a significant endeavor in promoting Automated Ordering System Using Android Application in a Restaurant. In this study the costumers can also gain knowledge on how to use an automated ordering system using android application. This study will also help the military forces to lessen the human work. Restaurant owner will likewise benefit the study. He can monitor the daily, weekly and monthly income of the establishment. Through the inventory and tally of the supplies per transactions, the proprietor easily forecast on what and how umpteen of the said supply will be ordered and delivered.Moreover, this study will serve as a future reference for researchers on the field on Information Technology and Management. This kind of foresee will enhance their knowledge and skills in programming. And importantly, this research will educate clients in deciding on whether or not a food business should automate and utilize an ecommerce in advancing their business. Definition and Terms For the purpose and understanding, the following terms were given their meanings Automated is to turn a set of manual of arms steps into an electronic operation that r uns on its own.It may also refer to removing certain human interactions with the software system in an existing information system to make it operate from beginning to end without intervention. (http//www. thefreedictionary. com/ automated) In this study, Automated refers to the techniques in ordering in a fast food chains. Ordering is to give an authoritative precaution or instruction to do something. In this study, Ordering refers to System is a group of interacting, interrelated, or interdependent elements forming a complex whole. In this study, system refers to theAndroid is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system, middleware and see applications. (http//developer. android. com/guide/basics/what-is-android. html) In this study, Android refers to the software that will be used in the system. An application is a program or group of programs designed for end users. In contrast, applications software (also called end-user programs) includes database programs, word processors, and spreadsheets. figuratively speaking, applications software sits on top of systems software because it is unable to run without the operating system and system utilities. (http//www. ebopedia. com/ precondition/A/application. html) In this study, Application refers to a program designed for end users. Restaurant is defined as a business establishment where meals or refreshments may be purchased. (http//www. merriam-webster. com/dictionary/restaurant) In this study, restaurant refers to where the system is deployed. Billing system is a combination of software and hardware that receives call detail and service tradition information, groups this information for specific accounts or customers, produces invoices, creates reports for management, and records (posts) payments made to customer accounts. (http//www. billingdictionary. om/billing_dictionary_billing_system_definition. html)Authors Mr. Avi Ofrane Mr. Lawrence Harte Copyright 2006 In this study Bil ling refers to the record of the sales price from the customer. Tablets are a powerful tool for enhancing your productivity and online experience whether for business use, or life in general. Smaller than a laptop and bigger than a Smartphone, the tablet is perfect to take with you on the go. You can browse the internet, create and share presentations, videos conference with clients, stay connected with corporate email, transfer books, games and videos, watch movies, share photos and much more with your tablet. http//www. staplesadvantage. com/tablet/choosing-a-tablet-tablet-what-is-it. html) Copyright 2011 Staples, Inc. In this study Tablet refers to the device used by the costumer to order in the restaurant. Inventory are raw materials, work-in-process goods and completely unblemished goods that are considered to be the portion of a businesss assets those are create or will be ready for sale. (http//www. investopedia. com/terms/i/inventory. aspixz29lQePffp)2012, Investopedia US , A Division of ValueClick, Inc.In this study Inventory refers to the records of supply goods and the sold products of the restaurant. Java Script A scripting language developed by Netscape to enable Web authors to design interactive sites. Although it shares many of the features and structures of the full Java language, it was developed independently. Javascript can interact with HTML source code, enabling Web authors to ribaldry up their sites withdynamic content. JavaScript is endorsed by a number of software companies and is an open language that anyone can

Global Staffing Strategies and Starbucks Essay

Starbucks Corporation (Starbucks) is a specialty coffee retail merchant of hot and cold beverages, coffee-related accessories, complementary food items, teas, and another(prenominal) non-food related products. Starbucks has retail stores in 39 countries and close 146,000 employees. The comp either operates primarily in the United States (U.S.) with headquarters in Seattle, Washington (Starbucks, 2007).In the early 1970s, Starbucks was accomplished and the first location was in Seattles Pike Place market in 1971. By 1982, Starbucks began provision coffee to restaurants and coffee shops. Starbucks expanded the business in 1996 to new locations in Japan, Hawaii, and Singapore. Other locations in Taiwan, refreshed Zealand, Thailand, and Malaysia were created in 1998. Starbucks stretch forthd to expand globally in 1999, by reaching locations in China, Korea, Kuwait, and Lebanon (Starbucks, 2007).In a hypothetical situation, Starbucks lead acquire a similar business in Mexico. The lodge forget explore locations within Mexico and identify the mankind resource (HR) challenges that will arise from this expansion. Mexico has unique cultural and regulatory factors that enquire consideration for the development of Starbucks stores. The organizations effectiveness to succeed in Mexico is dependent upon solving any trim downs that result from the growth of Starbucks in a new country.Starbucks will address enlisting and selection practices to spend in the newly acquired company. Another HR decision is determining the appropriate mixture of expatriates and nationals to ensure the learning is fortunate. The skill and abilities of employees, along with teaching and development practices, be an es displaceial part of the companys organisational strategy to achieve goals. The HR department of Starbucks has a considerable amount of research and decision make to ensure this acquisition self-made.Mexicos DemographicMexico is prep atomic number 18d to become the we althiest country in Latin American surrounded by 2008 and 2010 in basic gross domestic product (GDP). The middle class is expanding with function growth and wage hike incomes. Mexico has the second high-pitchedest population in Latin America after Brazil. Thepopulation is young, with the mediocre age of 27.5 days in 2006 (Country Insight, 2007). A survey in 2006 found, in the United States, that 30% of new nodes argon college graduates and the average age of a new Starbucks customer is 42 (Harris, 2006). Retail investors feeling Mexico as a study attraction because of the large size of the Mexican market (Country Insight, 2007).Tourism in Mexico plays an important role in the economy. Past presidential elections and hurricanes have steadily declined tourism, but latest indications show that the industry is marketing toward higher-end tourists who are willing to spend more (Country Insight, 2007). The increase in tourism with high-end vacationers will produce a costly mark et for Starbucks. serviceman Resource ChallengesUnder the Mexican assiduity laws, an employees daily minimum wage mustiness be at least U.S. $4.50, and includes minimum statutory fringe benefits. Very few Mexican residents birth this low minimum daily wage. The fringe benefits include annual vacation compensation of at least six working days at 125% of the pay, an annual bonus of at least 15 days of salary, a profit sharing program that fitteds 10% of pre-tax earnings distributed among all employees except high officers, and variable payroll contributions for Social Security and workers housing. Social Security contributions can be as high as 22.57% of the payroll salary. Workers housing contributions are 5% of the payroll salary (Abogados, 2008).The basis for severance payments for boundary cases is the actual daily salary of the employee. Salary can brood of any type of bonus, commissions, and any other payment that trys additional economic benefit and may include cars or club fees. To calculate the severance compensation, divide the total of all these services in the coda calendar year by 365 or the actual period worked in the year. Severance payments are as well as dependent upon the type of termination (Abogados, 2008).The three types of termination are termination with plumb cause, termination without fair cause, and termination by mutual agreement. Termination without fair cause allows the employee to collect three months salary, 20 days ofadditional salary for each year of employment, a seniority premium equal to 12 days for every year of employment, prorated vacation, annual bonus, and profit sharing for the year of termination. These additional salary requirements continue to accrue after the date of termination until the date of payment. Termination with fair cause permits the employee to more of the same benefits except the threes months salary and additional 20 days. Employees generally do not consent to a mutual agreement unless term ination compensation exists. This payment usually equals less than the termination without fair cause (Abogados, 2008).Many of the employment laws in Mexico are similar to the United States. The right to puddle unions, the right to workers compensation, the right to safety, the right to be free from forced labor, and the right to be free from discrimination. Mexicans must consist of at least 90% of the employees in a Mexican company. correspond to the Commission for Labor Cooperation (n.d.), the just about important Mexican labor and employment law to realize is thither is a single court in every state that deals with most labor and employment disputes, including incorporated labor relations, unjustified terminations, disputes about whether an on-the-job injury occurred, and equal pay problems(p. 1).In Mexico, to discriminate against workers because of sex, their mixer status, political opinion, disability, ethnicity, national origin, or age, as well as other grounds, is illeg al. Overtime pay in Mexico must equal twice the amount of regular wages (Commission for Labor Cooperation, n.d.). In 2007 and 2008, the government is energy for a new labor market bill to reduce the strictness in employment legislation. coitus must obtain a two-thirds vote to pass this bill and that will be complicated. Shortages of skills remain an issue in Mexico (EIU Viewswire, 2006). on the whole the regulations in Mexico that differ from those in the United States will present challenges for Starbucks. Hiring a consulting house or a group of attorneys who are well versed in the Mexican labor and employment laws will aid Starbucks in understanding and interpreting these laws. Going global can be hazardous if performed improperly and leaves no room for wrong interpretations of the laws and regulations. apprehension the daily wageversus an hourly wage, discrimination policies, along with the termination packages can affect the profits of Starbucks immensely.Starbucks must eva luate the turnover, labor, and skills availability in the Mexican market. The affect for multilingual employees is a necessity to serve the members of the community and the tourists. Scarcity of workers who speak English is a universal problem for investors. Mexico, a country much ridiculed from those critical of the United States trade agreement because of its lower labor costs, has observed companies adjust investment decisions. Skilled labor is an issue receiving more attention as companies look for low-cost sourcing programs and workers with a high competency in English (Jackson, Houdard, & Highfield, 2008).As Starbucks and other companies look to meditation into Mexico, the need to understand cultural differences and to study different forethought practices analyses critical. Attention to human resource management is necessary when making strategic choices in the various business avenues available in Mexico. Researchers believe that most companies do not give enough atten tion to human resource issues. To maximize performance issues such as recruiting, selection, instruct, compensation, and performance management that require thorough planning and organizing human resources, strategic management is a requirement.Understanding these human resources issues contributes to employee motivation, performance, satisfaction, and empowerment. These factors are critical aspects to an organizations effectiveness. The common personnel problems that companies encounter are in the areas of loyalty, staffing, decision-making, promotions, compensation, and performance management. Human resource management practices can be the most challenging parturiency for companies, especially when handling cultural changes (Rao, 2001).Mexicans view joint ventures as an opportunity to increase their economic status and as a career opportunity. As more companies move to Mexico, U.S. practices are becoming more acceptable. The topics of woodland circles, flat organizations, tea mwork, pay-for-performance, and a careful selection process are more customary. In Mexico, the cultural view of work andpersonal life activities intermingles. Because of this attribute, hiring and recruiting mix both personal and work activities (Rao, 2001).Commonly multiple interviews for managerial aim positions are performed in an effort to select a candidate who demonstrates a good fit. Hiring commensurate personnel with joint ventures will achieve the companys objectives. Developing a strategic recruitment practice to generate a qualified labor source to ensure effective employee selection is recommended. Employees with equal to(predicate) technical, organizational, and interpersonal skills should be selected. Bilingual skills are very important in the selection process. Social referrals are widely used in Mexico in the selection process.According to Rao (2001),Social referrals are used. However, the credentials are looked at only as a courtesy. The credentials are not looke d at close enough. I specifically know a couple of social referrals, known to the upper hierarchy, who did not perform up to the company standards. These employees had to be removed, taking care, that no disruptions were caused in the social hierarchy. Social referrals are both good and bad. On the positive side, employees are sometimes the best recruiters (p. 16).Mexicans have a strong sense of loyalty toward their bosses. The idea of corporate loyalty is not part of the culture. This results in high employee turnover. To increase organizational loyalty, frequently conducting company-oriented training sessions assists in conquering this issue. The training sessions help develop and instill a sense of commitment, loyalty, and understanding of the company. orientation course programs should provide information on the companys mission, goals, and strategies that provide the employees with opportunities for socialization, which is valued, by the Mexican employees.Rao (2001) states tha t U.S. companies usually displace low emphasis on such training programs and invest little. Both U.S. and Mexican companies consider training costly, but many joint ventures have found training programs to have considerable benefits. Fords executives believe the joint venture with the Hermosillo plant in Mexico concerning the training and development programs are the main reasons for change magnitude commitment, satisfaction, and a reduction in employee turnover. Startingwith selection and all the way through retention practices, human resource policies can influence employee satisfaction and motivation and consequently the performance of the organization (Rao, 2001).Based on the research of human resource practices and polices in Mexico, the recruitment and selection process can be base on social referrals. Using the existing employees acquired through the purchase of a similar company, Starbucks will continue using the social referral policy. At least two expatriates with Spani sh speaking abilities will be sent to each Starbucks coffee shop to oversee the transition. This will allow coverage for all shifts. All other employees will be nationals. An assessment of skills necessary for the positions will completed to ensure all skills are identified.Goldsteins model, which consists of the assessment phase, the training and development phase, and the evaluation phase, will be used (Dreher & Dougherty, 2001). The employee skills necessary will be bilingual, with good interpersonal and communication skills. The employees must possess a cheerful attitude. The ability to take up and follow directions in making different items on the menu is another necessity. Establishing relationships with local colleges will prove beneficial in hiring personnel with these abilities in conjunction with the social referral method. Training sessions on the procedures will be offered with face-to-face, hands-on sessions.In auditing the effectiveness of the human resource managemen t, the collection of info will be performed. The data will include hiring statistics such as the acceptance rate, hiring rate, and hiring projections, turnover ratios, exit interviews, employee complaints, and the human resource budgets and expenditures. The level of complaints will consist of, but not limited to, discrimination, harassment, and safety. Another method for auditing will be cozy interviews asking what are the perceptions of the company and its goals, the strengths and weaknesses of management, the relations with coworkers, what HR functions work well and what needs improvement, and any other issues the employees cares to discuss. Customer satisfaction cards will be available at all Starbucks locations to obtain results concerning customer service. A legal audit of personnel files and recordkeeping, pay equity, job descriptions, legal postings, EqualEmployment Opportunity, favorable Action, Workers Compensation, and other Mexican legislature is a requirement.Conclus ionAs Starbucks moves into Mexico with the recent acquisition, many human resource management obstacles will be observed. Understanding the difference legislation Mexico has compared to the United States will be a large undertaking. Complying with these laws while being profitable, will determine the market prices for the coffee products. lessen turnover, hiring the right people, offering a high-level of training and development is a critical factor for Starbucks. Understanding the culture, along with the skills and abilities necessary to provide excellent customer service will determine the success of the company. size up results will provide the HR department with information to improve the process.If Starbucks follows the guidelines of Mexico, while instilling U.S. policies, a successful and profitable business should develop. Working in a foreign country can be successful or a failure. Understanding the culture and values of the country, as well as the people, will provide opp ortunities for Starbucks, the Mexican government and the Mexican people.ReferencesAbogados, V. (2008). Mexican labor relationships. Retrieved , from http//www.solutionsabroad.comCommission for Labor Cooperation. (n.d.). Foreign Workers make pass to Labor and Employment Laws. Retrieved , from http//www.naalc.orgDreher, G. & Dougherty, T.W. (2001). Human Resource Strategy. University of Phoenix Custom Edition e-text. New York, NY McGraw-Hill. Retrieved , from University of Phoenix, rEsource, MMPBL530-Human Capital culture Web site.Harris, C. (2006). Starbucks wants to open 40,000 new stores. Seattlepi. Retrieved , from http//seattlepi.nwsource.comJackson, M., Houdard, F., & Highfield, M. (2008). Room to grow business location, global expansion and resource deficits. daybook of Business Strategy 29(1), p. 34-39. Retrieved , from EIU Newswire database.Mexico an expanding consumer market. (2007). Retrieved , from Country Insightdatabase.Mexico Business environment at a glance. (2006). Country overview. Retrieved from EIU Viewswire database.Rao, P. (2001). Human resource issues US-Mexico joint ventures. Retrieved , from http//www.usmcoc.orgStarbucks. (2007). Starbucks Corporation overview. Retrieved , from MarketLine Business Information Center database.